Upper Tribunal Appeals — Permission to Appeal & error-of-law strategy
We audit the FTT decision, draft targeted PTA grounds, handle renewed permission if refused, and run UT case management and advocacy — focused on material errors of law and the right remedy (set aside, remit, or re-make)
Upper Tribunal Appeals — Permission to Appeal & error-of-law strategy
We audit the FTT decision, draft targeted PTA grounds, handle renewed permission if refused, and run UT case management and advocacy — focused on material errors of law and the right remedy (set aside, remit, or re-make)
Select Your Visa Type - Start Check Eligibility
Choose the visa type you're applying for to get personalized questions
What we do for Upper Tribunal appeals
Pinpoint the error of law, meet strict PTA deadlines, and secure the right remedy for your case
( PTA ) - Audit & PTA grounds
- Line-by-line audit of the FTT determination to identify arguable errors of law and materiality.
- ✓ Issue list & authorities
- ✓ Targeted PTA grounds
- ✓ Materiality analysis
( Renewal ) - Renewed permission
- If permission is refused on the papers, we prepare a renewed PTA application to the UT.
- ✓ Refusal analysis
- ✓ Renewed grounds & skeleton
- ✓ Hearing advocacy (if listed)
( Directions ) - Case management
- We manage UT directions, consolidation, and any procedural applications.
- ✓ Timetables & compliance
- ✓ Adjournments / stays (if needed)
- ✓ Authorities & skeleton updates
( Outcome ) - Remedy & advocacy
- Focused EOL submissions; strategy for set aside, remit to FTT, or re-make at UT.
- ✓ Error-of-law hearing
- ✓ Appropriate remedy strategy
- ✓ Re-make advocacy (if applicable)
What counts as an “error of law”?
( Law ) - Misdirection / wrong test
The FTT applied the wrong legal test or misunderstood the rules/caselaw. ✓ Incorrect legal framework ✓ Ignored binding guidance
( Fairness ) - Procedural unfairness
You couldn’t fairly present your case, or reasons were inadequate. ✓ Surprise points / no notice ✓ Failure to engage with key evidence
( Findings ) - Irrationality
Findings that are perverse or unsupported by the evidence. ✓ Findings with no basis Contradictions / inconsistency
( Materiality ) - Made a difference
The error must be capable of affecting the outcome — we show why. ✓ Clear causal link ✓ Remedy rationale (remit/re-make)
How your Upper Tribunal appeal runs
From PTA drafting to EOL hearing and remedy — with deadlines protected at every stage.
1-) Audit & PTA grounds
- We review the FTT determination and draft targeted permission grounds with authorities.
2-) File PTA in time
- We confirm the exact deadline, file on time, or explain delay and seek an extension where rules allow.
3-) PTA decision
- If granted: proceed to EOL stage. If refused: we prepare a renewed PTA to the UT with refined grounds.
-) Error-of-law hearing
- Concise skeleton; focused submissions on the pleaded grounds; remedy sought and justified.
5-) Outcome & remedy
- Set aside and remit to FTT, or re-make at UT where appropriate — we run the next stage.
6-) Post-decision steps
- Directions compliance, re-listing strategy, or further appeals (where viable).
Documents we’ll use
FTT record
* FTT determination & reasons * Hearing notes / recording (if available) FTT bundle & exhibits Directions & case file
PTA documents
* Permission grounds * Skeleton argument * Core authorities bundle * Renewed PTA (if needed)
Supporting material
* Country guidance / COI extracts * Policy/guidance references * Expert/medical reports (where relevant) * Translations / certified copies
Remedy stage
* Remittal plan / re-make strategy * Directions compliance * Updated statements (if allowed) * Consolidated authorities
Common issues we solve
We sharpen grounds to the real legal issues and demonstrate materiality.
Wrong legal test
- Misdirection on the rules or caselaw; we cite the correct framework.
Inadequate reasons
- FTT failed to explain findings or ignored key evidence.
Procedural unfairness
- Surprise points, refusal to adjourn, or issues with interpreters.
Irrational findings
- Findings not supported by the evidence or internally inconsistent.
Materiality
- Showing how the error could have affected the outcome.
Remedy choice
- Set aside & remit vs re-make — what’s best for your case.
Frequently Asked Questions
We can apply for renewed permission to the UT, refining grounds and presenting a concise skeleton for the renewal hearing.